Anorchism, the complete absence of testes, can be mistakenfor cryptorchidism , although it is not as common. The scrotum of course is empty. The body characteristics are similar to those of a male with undescended testes. If human chorionic gonadotrophin does not lead to increased urinary estrogen and testosterone levels and an increasingly masculine body, anorchism is the likely diagnosis. There simply are no testes for HCG to stimulate.

The only solution is lifelong androgen replacement.